Preheat the oven to 400°F (200°C). Line a baking sheet with parchment paper or foil (set a wire rack on top if you have one for extra crispiness).
Slice the jalapeños in half lengthwise. Use a small spoon to scoop out the seeds and white membranes (wear gloves if desired). Arrange the jalapeño halves on the prepared baking sheet.
Make the filling: In a mixing bowl, stir together softened cream cheese, shredded cheddar, garlic powder, salt, and a pinch of black pepper until smooth.
Spoon the cheese mixture into each jalapeño half, gently packing it in so it’s level with the edges.
If using bacon, wrap a half slice around each stuffed jalapeño and secure with a toothpick if needed.
Set up a breading station with three shallow bowls: flour in the first, beaten eggs in the second, and panko mixed with paprika in the third.
Dip each stuffed jalapeño in flour, then egg, then the panko mixture, pressing gently so the crumbs adhere well.
Place the breaded poppers on the baking sheet. Lightly spray the tops with cooking spray (or drizzle lightly with oil) for better browning.
Bake for 20–25 minutes, until golden and crispy and the cheese is bubbling. Cool for 3–5 minutes before serving (the filling will be very hot).